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Étienne Chauvin (1640-1725) and his Lexicon philosophicum
Von Walchs Philosophischem Lexicon bis Zedlers Universal-Lexicon, von Diderots und D’Alemberts Encyclopédie bis zur Encyclopaedia Britannica: alle bedeutenden frühmodernen Wörterbücher und Enzyklopädien haben sich ziemlich viele Definitionen angeeignet, die der hugenottische Gelehrte Étienne Chauvin (1640 – 1725) in den beiden Ausgaben seines Lexicon philosophicum (1692 und 1713) bereits formuliert hatte. Chauvin verglich als erster die scholastische Tradition mit den Theorien der neuen Denker wie Descartes, Gassendi und deren Anhänger. Sein Werk befasst sich ausführlich mit der Naturphilosophie und beschreibt naturwissenschaftliche Instrumente und Experimente. Erstaunlicherweise...
Galileo's Telescope
An innovative exploration of the development of a revolutionary optical device and how it changed the world. Between 1608 and 1610 the canopy of the night sky changed forever, ripped open by an object created almost by accident: a cylinder with lenses at both ends. Galileo’s Telescope tells the story of how an ingenious optical device evolved from a toy-like curiosity into a precision scientific instrument, all in a few years. In transcending the limits of human vision, the telescope transformed humanity’s view of itself and knowledge of the cosmos. Galileo plays a leading—but by no means solo—part in this riveting tale. He shares the stage with mathematicians, astronomers, and theol...
Medicine and the Inquisition in the Early Modern World
Medicine and the Inquisition offers a wide-ranging and nuanced account of the role played by the Roman, Spanish and Portuguese Inquisitions in shaping medical learning and practice in the period from 1500 to 1850. Until now, learned medicine has remained a secondary subject in scholarship on Inquisitions. This volume delves into physicians’ contributions to the inquisitorial machinery as well as the persecution of medical practitioners and the censorship of books of medicine. Although they are commonly depicted as all-pervasive systems of repression, the Inquisitions emerge from these essays as complex institutions. Authors investigate how boundaries between the medical and the religious w...
Moral Seascapes
We are no strangers today to visual representations of human suffering at sea: the refugee crisis that continues to play out in the seascape between Europe and Africa (and not only there) yields an ever-growing archive of humanitarian tragedy. As both a visual backdrop and a lethal medium of unequal mobility, maritime space and landscape play a significant role in mediating the ethical demands of this crisis. Yet, there has been little exploration of the longer history of morality’s role in our understanding of aesthetic representations of the sea. The diverse contributions in Moral Seascapes explore the various symbolic forms through which these shifting moral norms and values have been manifested, contributing to debates concerning the place of the sea in visual and literary cultures and the history of morality and emotion, as well as the emergence of modern subjectivity. Drawing on a range of interdisciplinary perspectives such as visual culture, experimental art history, literary studies, history and philosophy, Moral Seascapes develops distinctive new insights into the relationship between the moral cultures of modernity and the image of the sea.
A Philosopher at the Crossroads
This book offers a fresh account of one of the remarkable figures in the Renaissance, Giovanni Pico della Mirandola (1463-1494), by focusing on a neglected aspect of his work; his reading of scholasticism and its reception in the fifteenth century.
The Oxford Handbook of Descartes and Cartesianism
An illustrious team of scholars offer a rich survey of the thought of Rene Descartes; of the development of his ideas by those who followed in his footsteps; and of the reaction against Cartesianism. Epistemology, method, metaphysics, physics, mathematics, moral philosophy, political thought, medical thought, and aesthetics are all covered.
Pietismus und Neuzeit Band 44 – 2018
»Pietismus und Neuzeit«, das seit 1974 im Auftrag der Historischen Kommission zur Erforschung des Pietismus herausgegebene Jahrbuch, bietet ein international und (inter)disziplinär breites, kulturwissenschaftliches Spektrum von Forschungsbeiträgen zur Geschichte des neueren Protestantismus, vor allem des Pietismus im Kontext europäischer Frömmigkeitsbewegungen seit der Frühen Neuzeit. Neben theologie-, frömmigkeits- und kirchengeschichtlichen Untersuchungen finden sich hauptsächlich allgemeinhistorische (mit den Schwerpunkten Sozial-, Mentalitäts und Institutionengeschichte), musik- und literaturwissenschaftliche sowie medizin- und pädagogikgeschichtliche Untersuchungen. Besondere Serviceleistungen stellen die zahlreichen Rezensionen und die umfangreiche, historisch und systematisch gegliederte Bibliographie von (im Schnitt 350) Neuerscheinungen dar. Beiträge, Rezensionen und Bibliographie werden durch Personen- und Ortsregister erschlossen.
Stranded Encyclopedias, 1700–2000
In Stranded Encyclopedias, 1700–2000: Exploring Unfinished, Unpublished, Unsuccessful Encyclopedic Projects, fourteen scholars turn to the archives to challenge the way the history of modern encyclopedism has long been told. Rather than emphasizing successful publications and famous compilers, they explore encyclopedic enterprises that somehow failed. With a combined attention to script, print, and digital cultures, the volume highlights the many challenges facing those who have pursued complete knowledge in the past three hundred years. By introducing the concepts of stranded and strandedness, it also provides an analytical framework for approaching aspects often overlooked in histories o...
Reformed Orthodoxy in Scotland
Recent decades have witnessed much scholarly reassessment of late-sixteenth through eighteenth-century Reformed theology. It was common to view the theology of this period-typically labelled 'orthodoxy'-as sterile, speculative, and rationalistic, and to represent it as significantly discontinuous with the more humanistic, practical, and biblical thought of the early reformers. Recent scholars have taken a more balanced approach, examining orthodoxy on its own terms and subsequently highlighting points of continuity between orthodoxy and both Reformation and pre-Reformation theologies, in terms of form as well as content. Until now Scottish theology and theologians have figured relatively min...
Die Lehre von den Seelenpotenzen bei Durandus von Saint-Pourçain
In his doctrine of the soul and its faculties, Durandus of Saint-Pourçain adopts important features of medieval philosophical psychology and at the same time develops an independent and coherent theory, which is paradigmatic for the turn from High to Late Middle Ages.
