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Li Chenggan has not yet opened his eyes, and in a daze, he feels as if he has caughtsomething soft in his hand.
Li Chenggan has not yet opened his eyes, and in a daze, he feels as if he has caughtsomething soft in his hand.
Many of the polymers we use every day are highly flammable. Historically, a large number of home fires were caused by ignited polymeric materials until legislation was introduced requiring fire retardants to be added to these materials. Fire retardants increase the time it takes for materials to ignite, providing valuable time to prevent a fire or escape. However, it has become apparent that many of the traditional treatments used as fire retardants are harmful to human health and highly persistent in the environment. With evermore polymeric materials in our homes and lives it is still highly valuable to be able to make fire retardants, but consideration must be given to their environmental impact and sustainability. Green Fire Retardants for Polymeric Materials looks at both the choice of different materials and treatments for improving the fire retardancy of polymeric materials, as well as green approaches to synthesising these fire retardants. It is a timely resource both for green chemists interested in real world applications for their work and polymer scientists keen to increase the sustainability of their products and processes.
Polymer nanocomposites have revolutionised material performance, most notably in the plastics, automotive and aerospace industries. However, in order to be commercially viable, many of these materials must withstand high temperatures. In this book, leaders in the field outline the mechanisms behind the generation of suitable polymer systems, pulling together recent research to provide a unified and up-to-date assessment of recent technological advancements. The text is divided into two clear sections, introducing the reader to the two most important requirements for this material type: thermal stability and flame retardancy. Special attention is paid to practical examples, walking the reader through the numerous commercial applications of thermally stable and flame retardant nanocomposites. With a strong focus on placing theory within commercial context, this unique volume will appeal to practitioners as well as researchers.
This book provides an overview of the latest scientific developments and technological advances in two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials for fire-safe polymers. It summarizes the preparation methods for diverse types of 2D nanomaterials and their polymer composites and reviews their flame-retardant properties, toxic gas and smoke emission during combustion, and inhibition strategies. Covers fundamental aspects like influence of size and dispersion of 2D nanomaterials to help readers develop efficient, multi-functional, and ecofriendly fire-safe polymer composites for a wide range of applications Discusses new-emerging 2D nanomaterials for fire-safe polymer applications, including MXenes, graphitic carbon nitride, boron nitride, and black phosphorus Introduces basic modes of flame retardant action of 2D nanomaterials, including smoke and toxic gas suppression, and the role of 2D nanomaterials in promoting char formation This book is suitable for both scholars and engineers in the fields of polymer science and engineering. It is also aimed at graduate students in chemistry, materials, and safety science and engineering.
Divine Soul Songs carry divine frequency and vibration, with divine love, forgiveness, compassion, and light. Millions are searching for soul secrets, wisdom, knowledge, and practices to fulfill their spiritual journeys. They want to know the purpose of life. They want their spiritual journeys to be deeply blessed. They also want to transform their physical lives. They want health. They want happiness. They want to prolong life. They want good relationships. They want financial abundance. The Divine Soul Songs offered in this book can transform every aspect of your life. They are treasures to be used for healing, rejuvenation, and purification of your soul, heart, mind, and body, and the sou...
This book is a historiographical study of the economic history of the Qing dynasty that systematically examines the research paradigms underlying the range of historical studies conducted over the past century. In reviewing historical studies of the economic history of the Qing dynasty from an epistemological and methodological perspective, the book explores how this research area emerged and developed and explores the three major paradigms that dominate the field: the revolutionary historical paradigm based on productive relations; the modernization paradigm centring on productivity and the Chinese-centric approach that seeks to understand the internal momentum of economic development. It is shown that shifts in paradigms derive not only from the linear derivation of academic ideas but are also closely related to wider changes in society and social discourse. Hence, the author proposes an approach that studies economic and social history with an emphasis on social practice, shedding light on a better understanding of the direction of China’s economic history. The title will benefit scholars and students interested in economic history and modern Chinese history.
Nanomaterials from Renewable Resources for Emerging Applications details developments in nanomaterials produced from renewable materials and their usage in food and packaging, energy conservation, and environmental applications. • Introduces fundamentals of nanomaterials from renewable resources, including processing and characterization. • Covers nanomaterials for applications in food and packaging, including nanocellulose, lignin- and chitosan-based nanomaterials, and nanostarch. • Discusses applications in energy conservation, such as supercapacitors, electrolyte membranes, energy storage devices, and insulation. • Describes environmental uses such as water remediation and purification and oil spill clean-ups. • Highlights advantages and challenges in commercialization of green nanoparticle-based materials. Equally beneficial to researchers and professionals, this book is aimed at readers across materials science and engineering, chemical engineering, chemistry, and related fields interested in sustainable engineering.