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Pada dasarnya pembangunan sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat merupakan kegiatan pemanfaatan sumber daya alam dan lingkungan hidup akan berdampak pada perubahan fungsi kehidupan. Dalam perspektif ini pembangunan disamakan dengan modernisasi (westernisasi) yaitu: pertumbuhan ekonomi, runtuhnya ikatan-ikatan tradisional dalam masyarakat, industrialisasi dan terbukanya pasar-pasar lokal (globalisasi). Oleh karena itu, tata kelola dan cara-cara dalam membangun akan menentukan besaran dampak yang akan terjadi pada keberlanjutan kehidupan dimasa yang akan datang. Buku ini berfokus dalam membahas pembangunan yang berkeadilan dalam kasus praktik pembangunan di Sumatera Utara dipilih karena bentuknya tangible, menempati aspek ruang dan waktu sehingga bersinggungan erat dengan isu pelayanan publik, sosial dan lingkungan, dan menyentuh banyak aspek unsur keadilan. Berdasarkan pengalaman dan pengamatan penulis suatu keadilan memang mudah untuk dituliskan dan dirumuskan. Sayangnya, keadilan juga tidak mudah untuk dilaksanakan, direalisasikan, dikoordinasikan, dan diperjuangkan.
Europe's place in history is re-assessed in this first comprehensive history of the ancient world, centering on the Indian Ocean and its role in pre-modern globalization. Philippe Beaujard presents an ambitious and comprehensive global history of the Indian Ocean world, from the earliest state formations to 1500 CE. Supported by a wealth of empirical data, full color maps, plates, and figures, he shows how Asia and Africa dominated the economic and cultural landscape and the flow of ideas in the pre-modern world. This led to a trans-regional division of labor and an Afro-Eurasian world economy. Beaujard questions the origins of capitalism and hints at how this world-system may evolve in the future. The result is a reorienting of world history, taking the Indian Ocean, rather than Europe, as the point of departure. Volume I provides in-depth coverage of the period from the fourth millennium BCE to the sixth century CE.
The destruction of the tropical forests proceeds Nobody at the symposium believed that the rapidly. We all know that this has global ecologi tropical forest area would remain untouched. cal and economical consequences. The problem The population explosion takes care of that argu is of such magnitude that it can only be com ment. The two main problem areas before us are pared to warfare. The destruction of tropical first the wise utilization of that portion of the forests is not only detrimental to the global forest which will be used - especially the intro ecology but also poses a serious threat to the duction of planned forestry in such areas, and people living in this area. Furthermore the...
In an easy to use dictionary style of A–Z presentation, this volume lists the taxonomy and medicinal usage of Indian plants. Also given are both traditional Indian and international synonyms along with details of the habitats of the plants. This book, illustrated by over 200 full-color figures, is aimed at bringing out an updated Acute Study Dictionary of plant sources of Indian medicine. The text is based on authentic treatises which are the outcome of scientific screening and critical evaluation by eminent scholars. The Dictionary is presented in a user-friendly format, as a compact, handy, easy to use and one-volume reference work.
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"The authors (1) present new indicators of banking sector penetration across 99 countries based on a survey of bank regulatory authorities, (2) show that these indicators predict household and firm use of banking services, (3) explore the association between the outreach indicators and measures of financial, institutional, and infrastructure development across countries, and (4) relate these banking outreach indicators to measures of firms' financing constraints. In particular, they find that greater outreach is correlated with standard measures of financial development, as well as with economic activity. Controlling for these factors, the authors find that better communication and transport infrastructure and better governance are also associated with greater outreach. Government ownership of financial institutions translates into lower access, while more concentrated banking systems are associated with greater outreach. Finally, firms in countries with higher branch and ATM penetration and higher use of loan services report lower financing obstacles, thus linking banking sector outreach to the alleviation of firms' financing constraints. "--World Bank web site.
Forestry and human environment in Malaysia; collection of articles.