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Agricultural Economics and Rural Development
The present volume is the collection of the conference papers presented on The 12th International Symposium Agricultural economics and rural development. Realities and perspectives for Romania, organized by The Research Institute for Agrarian Economy and Rural Development during 17 November 2021 of September, in Bucharest, Romania. The main aim of this symposium was both to present the newest research results and findings in field of agricultural and rural development research and, also to encourage the direct implementation of these results in practice by creating a strong cooperation between academicians and researchers with the field experts and investors.The symposium proceedings is structured in 2 specialized sections and the plenary one, where the reader may find interesting argues regarding this research field.
The Role of Productivity, Transportation Costs, and Barriers to Intersectoral Mobility in Structural Transformation
The process of economic development is characterized by substantial reallocations of resources across sectors. In this paper, we construct a multi-sector model in which there are barriers to the movement of labor from low-productivity traditional agriculture to modern sectors. With the barrier in place, we show that improvements in productivity in modern sectors (including agriculture) or reductions in transportation costs may lead to a rise in agricultural employment and through terms-oftrade effects may harm subsistence farmers if the traditional subsistence sector is larger than a critical level. This suggests that policy advice based on the earlier literature needs to be revised. Reducing barriers to mobility (through reductions in the cost of skill acquisition and institutional changes) and improving the productivity of subsistence farmers needs to precede policies designed to increase the productivity of modern sectors or decrease transportation costs.
Building Back Better: How Big Are Green Spending Multipliers?
This paper provides estimates of output multipliers for spending in clean energy and biodiversity conservation, as well as for spending on non-ecofriendly energy and land use activities. Using a new international dataset, we find that every dollar spent on key carbon-neutral or carbon-sink activities can generate more than a dollar’s worth of economic activity. Although not all green and non-ecofriendly expenditures in the dataset are strictly comparable due to data limitations, estimated multipliers associated with spending on renewable and fossil fuel energy investment are comparable, and the former (1.1-1.5) are larger than the latter (0.5-0.6) with over 90 percent probability. These findings survive several robustness checks and lend support to bottom-up analyses arguing that stabilizing climate and reversing biodiversity loss are not at odds with continuing economic advances.
Air Pollution and Plant Biotechnology
Air pollution is ubiquitous in industrialized societies, causing a host of environmental problems. It is thus essential to monitor and reduce pollution levels. A number of plant species already are being exploited as detectors (for phytomonitoring) and as scavengers (for phytoremediation) of air pollutants. With advances in biotechnology, it is now feasible to modify plants for a wider range of phytomonitoring and phytoremediation applications. Air Pollution and Plant Biotechnology presents recent results in this field, including plant responses during phytomonitoring, pollution-resistant plant species, imaging diagnosis of plant responses, and the use of novel transgenic plants, along with reviews of basic plant physiology and biochemistry where appropriate. Researchers and students working in plant biotechnology and the environmental sciences or considering new areas of investigation will find this volume a valuable reference.
Managing High Grade Dairy Cows in the Tropics
Dairy consumption in Asia has more than doubled over the last 25 years, and has led to more than 50% of the world's total dairy imports now entering Asian markets. Consequently, Asian countries are seeking to improve their self-sufficiency in dairy produce by developing their local milk industries. Asian livestock importers are looking for increasing numbers of high grade dairy stock from established dairy industries in countries such as Australia and New Zealand. Unfortunately, a major problem encountered throughout Asia has been the poor performance of these exotic high grade dairy heifers when exported from their country of origin to a new, more stressful environment. This has been due to...
Effects of Gaseous Air Pollution in Agriculture and Horticulture
Effects of Gaseous Air Pollution in Agriculture and Horticulture focuses on the impact of air pollution on agriculture and horticulture. This book discusses the existence of significant concentrations of gaseous pollutants in several agricultural regions of industrialized countries, which is facilitated by improved instrumentation and monitoring networks. Organized into six parts encompassing 49 chapters, this book begins with an overview of the two aspects of distribution of gas pollutants. This text then considers a technique for estimation of dose from measurements of gas concentration and stomatal conductance. Other chapters provide examples of monitoring of air-pollution effects on plants, with emphasis on both the concentrations and effects of air pollutants as they complement each other. This book discusses as well the formation and mechanism of action of nitrogen oxides. The final chapter deals with the peroxidation of membrane lipids. This book is a valuable resource for agriculturists, horticulturists, and scientists.
Business Management for Tropical Dairy Farmers
Most countries in South-East Asia have established smallholder dairy farming industries through social welfare and rural development programs to provide a regular cash flow for poorly resourced farmers. These farms are now being treated as accepted rural industries and require a more business-minded approach based on changes to farm profitability. Business Management for Tropical Dairy Farmers gives smallholder dairy farmers the business management skills they will need to remain sustainable. Drawing on detailed financial analyses of smallholders in countries such as Pakistan, Thailand and Malaysia, it shows how to budget cash inputs to match cash outflows during different seasons of the yea...
Learning from the Future
Unter Szenarioplanung versteht man eine spezielle Methode der Vorhersage zukünftiger politischer, ökonomischer und demographischer Entwicklungen, die das Funktionieren eines Unternehmens beeinflussen können. Diese Technik wird hier von renommierten Vorreitern auf diesem Gebiet ausführlich beleuchtet - so lernt der Manager, verschiedene Implikationen plausibler Ereignisse und Einflüsse systematisch zu durchdenken. (11/97)
The Legacies of Jean-Luc Godard
The artistic impact of Jean-Luc Godard, whose career in cinema has spanned over fifty years and yielded a hundred or more discrete works in different media cannot be overestimated, not only on French and other world cinemas, but on fields as diverse as television, video art, gallery installation, philosophy, music, literature, and dance. The Legacies of Jean-Luc Godard marks an initial attempt to map the range and diversity of Godard’s impact across these different fields. It contains reassessments of key films like Vivre sa vie and Passion as well as considerations of Godard’s influence over directors like Christophe Honoré. Contributors look at Godard’s relation to philosophy and in...
Gaseous Air Pollutants and Plant Metabolism
Gaseous Air Pollutants and Plant Metabolism mainly talks about plants and air pollution. The publication of this book is inspired by a symposium on plants and pollution, which generated great interest among the personnel related to the field. The book begins with a brief background on air pollution and continues with a discussion on different types, effects, and solutions to the pollution. The book also features studies about the gaseous air pollution in North America, China, and Japan. The chapters that follow explore the different effects of pollution on chloroplasts, respiration, biochemistry, plant, and plant cells. The text is a valuable reference to undergraduates or postgraduates of chemistry and its related studies.
