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Mitochondrial activity is involved in different functions such as cell proliferation, metabolism, Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) generation, and cell death. Particularly, mitochondria play a major role in inflammatory signaling. They regulate the activation, differentiation, and survival of macrophages, while changes in oxidative metabolism alter polarization. Mitochondria are the main source of free radicals, and macrophages increase their oxidative stress levels when they are active. The enhancement of free radicals generation in the mitochondria can damage healthy cells, leading to inflammation. Thus, several diseases associated with an increase in mitochondrial oxidative stress can be asso...
Proceedings of the 11th European Society for Neurochemistry Meeting held in Groningen, The Netherlandes, June 15-20, 1996
Over the past decade, fluorine (19F) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has garnered significant scientific interest in the biomedical research community owing to the unique properties of fluorinated materials and the 19F nucleus. Fluorine has an intrinsically sensitive nucleus for MRI. There is negligible endogenous 19F in the body and thus there is no background signal. Fluorine-containing compounds are ideal tracer labels for a wide variety of MRI applications. Moreover, the chemical shift and nuclear relaxation rate can be made responsive to physiology via creative molecular design. This book is an interdisciplinary compendium that details cutting-edge science and medical research in the emerging field of 19F MRI. Edited by Ulrich Flögel and Eric Ahrens, two prominent MRI researchers, this book will appeal to investigators involved in MRI, biomedicine, immunology, pharmacology, probe chemistry, and imaging physics.
Over the past decade, fluorine (19F) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has garnered significant scientific interest in the biomedical research community owing to the unique properties of fluorinated materials and the 19F nucleus. Fluorine has an intrinsically sensitive nucleus for MRI. There is negligible endogenous 19F in the body and thus there is no background signal. Fluorine-containing compounds are ideal tracer labels for a wide variety of MRI applications. Moreover, the chemical shift and nuclear relaxation rate can be made responsive to physiology via creative molecular design. This book is an interdisciplinary compendium that details cutting-edge science and medical research in the emerging field of 19F MRI. Edited by Ulrich Flögel and Eric Ahrens, two prominent MRI researchers, this book will appeal to investigators involved in MRI, biomedicine, immunology, pharmacology, probe chemistry, and imaging physics.
The International Chess Federation or FIDE (from the French Federation Internationale des Echecs) was founded in Paris in 1924 but only from 1950 began to award international titles. This book lists more than 18,000 players who received titles from 1950 through 2016. Entries include (where available) the player's full name, federation, date of birth, place of birth, date of death, place of death, title and year of award and peak rating (month and year), with references provided.
Continuous manufacturing of pharmaceuticals, including aspects of modern process development is highlighted in this book with both the ‘why’ and the ‘how’, emphasizing process modeling and process analytical technologies. Presenting specific case studies and drawing upon extensive experience from industry and academic opinion leaders, this book focuses on the practical aspects of continuous manufacturing. It gives the readers the strategic perspective and technical depth needed to adopt and implement these technologies, where appropriate, in order to gain the competitive edge in speed, agility, and reliability. Features: Discusses scientific solutions and process analytical technolog...