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Novel Diagnostic and Therapeutic Strategies in the Management of Cerebral Gliomas
Cerebral gliomas account for 45% of all primary central nervous system (CNS) tumors. The median survival after the initial diagnosis of glioblastoma (GBM) is only 15 months, and less than 10% of patients survive three years post-diagnosis. Surgical treatment followed by adjuvant therapies such as radiotherapy and chemotherapy represents the classical strategy in glioma management. The revised WHO 2016 classification now distinguishes the oligodendrogliomas with 1p19q codeletion and IDH mutation from the astrocytomas with or without IDH mutations, thereby creating homogenous and pathologically distinct subgroups. While the status of gene expression and mutations define components of GBM subtypes, it was also found that response to therapies was different for each subtype, suggesting that personalized treatment based on genomic alterations could lead to a more favorable outcome for this disease.
Tumors of the Central Nervous System, Volume 7
Various aspects, including diagnosis, therapy, and prognosis, of two brain tumors (meningioma and schwannoma) , of brain tumors are discussed in this volume. Insights on the understanding of molecular pathways involved in brain tumor biology are explained. For example, the role of E-cadherin gene instability, carbonic anhydrase 11, urokinase plasminogen activator, and Wnt signaling is discussed in detail. Such information will lead to the development of effective aniicancer drugs. The role of molecular genetics and epigenetic mechanisms in schwannomas is explained. Also, is explained the role of cyclin D1 in vestibular schwannoma. The determination of subtypes of meningiomas using perfusion ...
Evolution of the Molecular Biology of Brain Tumors and the Therapeutic Implications
A dramatic increase in knowledge regarding the molecular biology of brain tumors has been established over the past few years. In particular recent new avenues regarding the role of stem cells and microRNAs along with further understanding of the importance of angiogenesis, immunotherapy and explanations for the resistance of the tumors to chemotherapeutic agents and radiation therapy has been developed. It is hopeful that this new information will lead to efficacious treatment strategies for these tumors which remain a challenge. In this book a review of the latest information on these topics along with a variety of new therapeutic treatment strategies with an emphasis on molecular targeted therapies is provided.
2021 WHO Classification of Pediatric Brain Tumors: A Final Wedding Between Morphology and Molecular Biology?
Tumors of the central nervous system (CNS) are a dramatic health problem due to their high morbidity and mortality in all ages. In the pediatric population, brain tumors constitute the second most common cancer diagnosed worldwide each year, accounting for approximately 25% of childhood cancers. Although there has been a moderate increase in survival rates for children with CNS tumors over the past decades, CNS tumors remain the second leading cause of cancer death in children less than 20 years of age. The fifth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of the Central Nervous System (WHO CNS5) was recently released. This builds on the 2016 WHO CNS tumor update,...
The “Jewish Question” in the Territories Occupied by Italians
This volume deals with a topic at central to the Italian historiographical debate, namely the Italian authorities’ attitude in the occupied territories during the Second World War and, in particular, towards the local Jewish communities. Through a reconstruction that is the result of authors with different sensitivities and historiographic approaches, the contradictory nature of the application of anti-Jewish legislation by Italian authorities emerges; an application that went from protection to more or less rigid internment up to handing them over to German authorities. A historiographically innovative book, therefore, that aims to shed light on one of the most dramatic events of the Second World War: the persecution of the Jewish population.
Schiavi di Hitler
All'annuncio dell'armistizio, divulgato radiofonicamente dal maresciallo Badoglio l'8 settembre 1943, segue rapidamente - in patria e all'estero - lo sfacelo del Regio Esercito. Da Milano a Roma, dalla Francia alla Jugoslavia sino all'isola di Cefalonia, i reparti italiani, lasciati senza direttive, sono esposti all'offensiva dell'ex alleato tedesco e oltre 750.000 tra soldati e ufficiali vengono catturati e deportati nei Lager del Reich. Di questi, solo una minoranza accetta di aderire alla Repubblica sociale italiana in cambio della libertà. Le esigenze dell'economia bellica nazista trasformano quella massa di uomini in forza lavoro coatta: «schiavi di Hitler» fino alla fine della guerr...
Neuromuscular Diseases During Development
This compilation arises from contributions made to the seventh postgraduate course in paediatric neurology held in Pavia, Italy under the auspices of the Mariani Foundation in co-operation with the National Neurologic Institute of Milan. The course concentrated on three main areas: the impact of molecular biology and molecular genetics on aetiology, advances in our understanding pathogenesis, and finally therapy. The choice of the subject was suggested by the remarkable progress has been made in this field during the last decade, mostly due to the recent advances in genetics which now enable a new nosographic approach as well as different diagnostic strategies. Part of this work is dedicated to the rehabilitation of patients affected by neuromuscular diseases.
